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Colour My World Visual Arts E-Bulletin Nov-Dec 2023

Colour My World Visual Arts E-Bulletin Nov-Dec 2023

PERSPECTIVES & ILLUSIONS

What’s your perspective? Explore art that changes depending on how you look at it. This winter term, we shall explore a wide variety of subjects to do with perspective, perception, and ways of seeing.

 

To find out more about our Visual Arts Workshops, visit: 

https://colour-my-world.com/term-workshops-on/

ENROL NOW: Term starts from 31 Oct!
Existing students do NOT need to re-enrol.

Explorer’s Art   (3 – 5 yrs)

It’s Me!

Our little Explorers will learn the basic fundamentals of portraiture and facial anatomy. First, they will take a look in the mirror and paint an emotionally expressive self-portrait, making sure to get their nose, eyes, ears, and mouth in the right place. Then, they can let loose and create a wacky portraiture in the form of a mixed-media 3D bust, inspired by Cubism!

Core Art   (5 – 10 yrs)

Magical Illusions & Perspectives

Our Core Artists will investigate the bustling architecture of Hong Kong in a fun, new way through perspective drawings and papercraft illusion sculptures. Will they be looking down as they fly over Central, or will they be gazing up as Godzilla invades Aberdeen? These watercolour and pencil drawings will allow their imaginations to run wild. Then they’ll take inspiration from the mind-bending installations of Georges Rousse to construct their own papercraft building, painted with optical illusions that will challenge your perception!

Drawing Fundamentals   (6 – 8 yrs)

Linework

They’re one of the most crucial elements of drawing, let’s take a closer look at Lines! Using observation and experimentation, learn how to use varying line weight and contours to express 3D form, shading, and expression. Study the work of Egon Schiele and discover how expressive a single, continuous line can be to create your own articulated portrait.

Ready-Set-Draw   (8 yrs+)

Skull, Flower, Landscape

Learn about Georgia O’Keeffe’s New Mexico-influenced artworks consisting of the timeless subjects: skulls, flowers, and landscapes. Explore the media of graphite, colour pencil, and gouache. Improve your knowledge of head anatomy through skull renderings, learn to portray the form of any flower using simple geometry, and depict a simple landscape. Experiment with scale and composition to create your own mystical image.

Comics   (8 yrs+)

Drawings in Motion

Bridge the gap between comics and animation! Pen a story, draw a short comic, then bring the final panel to life with a mini flip book for an animated punchline. Learn how to use animation techniques like onion skin and key frames for dynamic storytelling inspired by Japanese para-para flip books.

Sculpture Culture

(Pottery-Ceramics 10 yrs+)

Fundamentals Master Class

Learn to build three-dimensionally and excel in creation that takes form in art ware, figurines, sculpture, decorative and applied art objects. Acquire fundamental skills from pinching, coiling, slab to wheel-throwing, we shall experiment with new materials whilst utilising techniques of slip casting, clay modelling, and surface texturing.

Pixelated

(Digital Arts 10 yrs+)

Illustrated Me (Digital Illustration)

Get to grips with the fundamentals of illustration in digital media and design your own characters. Level up your skills of observational drawing using a variety of methods, from editing scanned linework, to sketching directly into your chosen software. Then with a solid grasp of the basics, transform yourself into a comic character with a colourful design sheet that shows off your unique personality and special abilities inspired by manga artist, Hitoshi Ariga.

Sketchbook Studies & Painting   (10 yrs+)

Organic Floral Design

Learn about Art Nouveau and the Arts and Crafts movement. Embrace the ideology behind the movements and become the artist, the designer, and the maker. Take inspiration from the works of the infamous Glasgow Four, and their artful integration of art and design. Render flowers a la Mackintosh via ink with a touch of watercolour. Craft your own Art Nouveau door-inspired frame to display your organic paintings.

Tactile Textile  (12 yrs+)

Fit Like A Glove

Becoming a tailor is at the tip of your fingers! Learn how to design and construct a pair of gloves from scratch – glove pattern, fabric cutting, sewing and hemming. To make your pair of gloves special, you will fashion a pattern design transposing your original drawing into a lino cut that will be printed on the fabric.

Mentor Studio   (13 yrs+)

For art enthusiasts who are considering Art for GCSE, A-Levels, IGCSE or IB; or who simply enjoy being stretched artistically. Mentor Studio is open to any participants who want to strengthen their skill repertoire, build on their collection of portfolio-worthy artworks, or explore challenging themes through open-end self-enquiry guided closely by a mentor. Acquire in-depth knowledge and understanding of art-form, techniques and styles used as we guide you through various artistic decision and pathways to artistic achievement.

Architecture in Context   (13 yrs+)

Rendering technicalities with creativity, we explore architectural and interior spaces, with referenced imagery and floor plans of Hong Kong vibrant and historical landmarks to build a foundation of perspective, shape, space and form. Topics of investigation throughout the year range from Relocation, Restoration and Conversion, with rendition of a mix of architectural drawings, mood boards and illustrations; both conceptual and imaginative.

Colour My World Visual Arts E-Bulletin Sep-Oct 2023

Colour My World Visual Arts E-Bulletin Sep-Oct 2023

REALITY & FICTION

In our Back-To-Studio term, we explore ‘Narrative’ through Reality and Fiction. Telling a story is one of the fundamental and practical functions of Art. As artists, we can tell stories through so many different ways such as sculpture, illustration, quilting, painting, comics and more.

 

To find out more about our Visual Arts Workshops, visit: 

https://colour-my-world.com/term-workshops-on/

ENROL NOW: Term starts from 28 Aug!

Explorer’s Art   (3 – 5 yrs)

What’s The Story?

Our young Explorers will begin the year by investigating story and narrative through arts and crafts. Based on characters of their own design, ‘What’s The Story?’ is a tactile storybook featuring simple paper folding techniques and engineering such as pop-up features, flaps, and slides. Then, they’ll recreate their story character as a mixed-media figurine in a dome in ‘Character Specimen’, a perfect introduction to develop basic understanding of 3D sculptural modeling.

Core Art   (5 – 10 yrs)

Reality & Fiction

Our Core Artists will investigate the concept of ‘heroes’: real and fictional. Take inspiration from meaningful stories of real-life heroes and illustrate exciting fantastical characters. Firstly, our Core Artists will re-imagine a real-life hero’s (such as Einstein and Marie Curie) appearance from a set of character trait descriptions. Then, they will learn about three distinct and culturally diverse antiquated art styles (eg Ancient Egyptian, Medieval French) and superimpose a fictional hero into a stylised scene.

Drawing Fundamentals   (6 – 8 yrs)

Shadows & Shading

Learning how to see and use value levels in your drawing will elevate your shading and highlighting skills to the next level. Create the illusion of three-dimensional form through geometric construction and shading using dry media. Then, experiment with shaded paper to create a collaged still life artwork inspired by the work of artist Eileen Downes.

Ready-Set-Draw   (8 yrs+)

A Day In The Life

Learn to illustrate animals in stylized monochrome subjects from photographic references with fine liners. Capture a day in the life of your hero animal. Learn basic shape construction to create organic animal forms in action poses enhanced by inking and texturing techniques. Pen an interesting narrative by re-arranging your newly created illustrations in captivating sequence. To add a final touch, apply digital colouring knowhow to your scanned drawings.

Comics   (8 yrs+)

Character Design Sheet

Bring your OC (original character) to life, transferred straight from your brain directly to paper! Get to grips with the rules of anatomy and facial proportions. Then, study professional character designers such as Jules Rigolle to bend these rules and create your own characters with exaggerated body language and expressions, full of comic intensity! Utilise shape construction, dynamic sketching, and lines of action to create character sheets with liner pen and gouache.

Sculpture Culture

(Pottery-Ceramics 8 yrs+)

Fundamentals Master Class

Learn to build three-dimensionally and excel in creation that takes form in art ware, figurines, sculpture, decorative and applied art objects. Acquire fundamental skills from pinching, coiling, slab to wheel-throwing, we shall experiment with new materials whilst utilising techniques of slip casting, clay modelling, and surface texturing.

Pixelated

(Digital Arts 10 yrs+)

Imaginary Imaging

Create a Dadaist digital collage and bring surrealism into the digital age. Learn the building blocks of image manipulation such as cutting, moving, and layering pictures to fashion a digital collage in the style of the 1920s art movement, Dadaism. Advance your editing skills to make the unreal appear real with photo manipulation. Take cues from both modern digital artists and inspirational artists from the past. Gain skills to begin your digital art journey.

Sketchbook Studies & Painting   (10 yrs+)

Light, Shadow, & Genre

Create believable form with grisaille oil painting from classical-style master sculpture references. Take inspiration from appropriation artist Glenn Brown. Glaze detail and colour to re-interpret the reference to tell your own story according to your favourite genre, be it romance, sci-fi, horror, or even coming-of-age. Learn to create the illusion of chiaroscuro and create depth in your painting.

Tactile Textile  (12 yrs+)

My Story Sequence

Build a patchwork narrative about your summer holiday in the Victorian ‘Crazy Quilting’ style. Give purpose to old textiles by selecting, cutting, and binding them together into a new quilt of your own design. Continue this ancient practice in the modern world as an eco-friendly artform.

Mentor Studio   (13 yrs+)

For art enthusiasts who are considering Art for GCSE, A-Levels, IGCSE or IB; or who simply enjoy being stretched artistically. Mentor Studio is open to any participants who want to strengthen their skill repertoire, build on their collection of portfolio-worthy artworks, or explore challenging themes through open-end self-enquiry guided closely by a mentor. Acquire in-depth knowledge and understanding of art-form, techniques and styles used as we guide you through various artistic decision and pathways to artistic achievement.

Architecture in Context   (13 yrs+)

Rendering technicalities with creativity, we explore architectural and interior spaces, with referenced imagery and floor plans of Hong Kong vibrant and historical landmarks to build a foundation of perspective, shape, space and form. Topics of investigation throughout the year range from Relocation, Restoration and Conversion, with rendition of a mix of architectural drawings, mood boards and illustrations; both conceptual and imaginative.

Colour My World Visual Arts E-Bulletin May-Jun 2023

Colour My World Visual Arts E-Bulletin May-Jun 2023

Mindfulness of Being – Food For Thought

This year, we at Colour My World are heightening our awareness of existence, our role on this planet, our relationships with others and the environment.

For our pre-summer term we will look at the things that literally and figuratively feed us. From delicious meals to inner emotions to identity as a citizen of Hong Kong, explore what feeds you through art.

 

To find out more about our Visual Arts Workshops, visit: 

https://colour-my-world.com/term-workshops-on/

ENROL NOW: Term starts from 2 May! Existing students do NOT need to re-enrol.

Explorer’s Art   (3 – 5 yrs)

Once Upon A Time in HK

Our Explorers will start the term with a papercraft nightscape, illuminated by fairy lights. They will focus on façade decorations and design for their illustrative Hongkong buildings. Then, they will be led onto a journey exploring ‘street’ style graffiti inspired by Hong Kong’s Frog King (Kwok Mang Ho) and Emperor of Kowloon (Tsang Tsou-choi), creating their personal mixed-media graffiti fun collage.

Core Art   (5 – 10 yrs)

Food For Thought

Our Core Artists will be getting in touch with their inner selves for ‘Food For Thought’. Start with a light introduction to the infamous Abstract Expressionist painting ‘The Scream’. Create their own expressive self-portrait featuring an intense emotion (such as nostalgic, joyful, wistful…) set against an expressive background. Then, revisiting an artwork from the recent Art Basel, our student-artists will be inspired by the Vector by Canadian artist David Altmejd to design a relief art on wood of a hybrid animal-human with quaint features to express a more internal emotion.

 

NEW!  Drawing Fundamentals

(Drawing & Sketching for 6 – 8 yrs) 

Discover the elements of art and learn the basics of observational drawing. Create form using simple shapes as well as line to construct the illusion of 3D form. Learn observational skills in subjects from still life to anatomical studies in order to support imaginative drawings. Build an excellent foundation for your future in the visual arts.

Ready-Set-Draw   (8 yrs+)

A Fictional World

RSD students will let their creative minds run free and paint a single scene based on a fictional city – a charming merge of Hong Kong and fictional sceneries. Inspired by London-based artist Charles Avery and his fictional land, we shall explore the customs, people and cosmologies of this reimagined place creating a meticulous watercolour pencil drawing of characters interacting on a lively street that has existed in the past or current era, a utopia or dystopia.

NEW!  Comics

(Sequential Art, Graphic Novels for 8 yrs+) 

Ever wanted to take your very own story and turn it into a visual narrative? From crafting stories and scripts, to storyboard, plot and character design, to creating an original stylish comic spread, this course is a great introduction to an action-packed medium!

Sculpture Culture

(Pottery-Ceramics 8 yrs+)

Fundamentals Master Class

Learn to build three-dimensionally and excel in creation that takes form in art ware, figurines, sculpture, decorative and applied art objects. Acquire fundamental skills from pinching, coiling, slab to wheel-throwing, we shall experiment with new materials whilst utilising techniques of slip casting, clay modelling, and surface texturing.

NEW!  Pixelated

(Digital Arts 10 yrs+)

WATCH THIS SPACE for our fresh new offer of Digital Arts. We will be offering digital illustration, painting, and graphic design. Then bring your designs to life with the basics of motion graphics and animation. You are to bring your own devices and we shall show you how to use them for creative outcomes.

Tactile Textile   (10 yrs+)

Dress Code

The focus of our last term project will be an exploration of thoughtful material use. The project is inspired by the German artist Thomas Schutte who adds to his human figures a recycled touch, with remnants of his own clothes. Turning child’s play into a sculptor’s experimentation with materials that he calls ‘high-end bricolage’, follow his creative path and fashion a string of mixed-media personages designed for your very individual story. Are you ready to wear your heart on your sleeves?

Sketchbook Studies & Painting   (10 yrs+)

You Are What You Eat

You will be looking at the subject of glorious food through the eyes of four artists, from master to contemporary; to investigate their different painting styles. These include the whimsical pastel impasto of Claude Monet and Wayne Thibault, the illustrative Norman Rockwell, and the grotesque Instagram-inspired Gina Beavers. You will then choose the one closest to your heart and paint a large depiction of your own food photography, including a mini recipe, in oil on canvas with collaged elements.

Mentor Studio   (13 yrs+)

For art enthusiasts who are considering Art for GCSE, A-Levels, IGCSE or IB; or who simply enjoy being stretched artistically. Mentor Studio is open to any participants who want to strengthen their skill repertoire, build on their collection of portfolio-worthy artworks, or explore challenging themes through open-end self-enquiry guided closely by a mentor. Acquire in-depth knowledge and understanding of art-form, techniques and styles used as we guide you through various artistic decision and pathways to artistic achievement.

Architecture in Context   (13 yrs+)

Rendering technicalities with creativity, we explore architectural and interior spaces, with referenced imagery and floor plans of Hong Kong vibrant and historical landmarks to build a foundation of perspective, shape, space and form. Topics of investigation throughout the year range from Relocation, Restoration and Conversion, with rendition of a mix of architectural drawings, mood boards and illustrations; both conceptual and imaginative.

Colour My World Visual Arts E-Bulletin Mar-Apr 2023

Colour My World Visual Arts E-Bulletin Mar-Apr 2023

Mindfulness of being – Mottainai

This year, we at Colour My World are heightening our awareness of existence, our role on this planet, our relationships with others and the environment.

Enter spring time with creative incentive about giving new life to pre-existing things. Explore the concept of Mottainai – a Japanese saying expressing regret over creating waste, and the philosophy of minimal waste via the repurposing of used objects. From objects to ideas, revive and restore new meaningful use of the discarded.

 

To find out more about our Visual Arts Workshops, visit: 

https://colour-my-world.com/term-workshops-on/

ENROL NOW: Term starts from 2 Mar! Existing students do NOT need to re-enrol.

Explorer’s Art   (3 – 5 yrs)

Artfully Wasted

Waste not, want not! This term, the Art Explorers have two great recycling/upcycling projects lined up for them. First up, the Explorers will be introduced to ‘found object’ art and create a Louise Nevelson-inspired 2D relief assemblage. Then, they will craft a mixed-media sculpture suspended within a free-standing frame using their own decorative pattern designs.

Core Art   (5 – 10 yrs)

Mottainai

Our Core Artists will explore the philosophy of “Mottainai”, which is a commonly used phrase in Japan to express a feeling of regret when something is put to waste without deriving its value. They will give new life to materials saved from going to the landfill while experimenting in both 2D and 3D art. They will begin with a collagraph-printed landscape depicting elements of the wonderful terrestrial ecosystem and finish by crafting an abstracted 3D animal by weaving deadstock textiles and more.

 

NEW!  Drawing Fundamentals

(Drawing & Sketching for 6 – 8 yrs) 

Discover the elements of art and learn the basics of observational drawing. Create form using simple shapes as well as line to construct the illusion of 3D form. Learn observational skills in subjects from still life to anatomical studies in order to support imaginative drawings. Build an excellent foundation for your future in the visual arts.

Ready-Set-Draw   (8 yrs+)

Tools & Traits

Take your drawings to the next level by mastering the art of rendering negative space, then carving a depiction of a tool on linoleum to create a collection of refined print works. Taking inspiration from Californian block printing artist Todd Barricklow, you will explore your chosen object’s personalities based on shape, form, texture, and purpose. Go against your instincts by carving away negative space in order to reveal the positive shape.

NEW!  Comics

(Sequential Art, Graphic Novels for 8 yrs+) 

Ever wanted to take your very own story and turn it into a visual narrative? From crafting stories and scripts, to storyboard, plot and character design, to creating an original stylish comic spread, this course is a great introduction to an action-packed medium!

Sculpture Culture

(Pottery-Ceramics 8 yrs+)

Fundamentals Master Class

Learn to build three-dimensionally and excel in creation that takes form in art ware, figurines, sculpture, decorative and applied art objects. Acquire fundamental skills from pinching, coiling, slab to wheel-throwing, we shall experiment with new materials whilst utilising techniques of slip casting, clay modelling, and surface texturing.

NEW!  Pixelated

(Digital Arts 10 yrs+)

WATCH THIS SPACE for our fresh new offer of Digital Arts. We will be offering digital illustration, painting, and graphic design. Then bring your designs to life with the basics of motion graphics and animation. You are to bring your own devices and we shall show you how to use them for creative outcomes.

Tactile Textile   (10 yrs+)

Fashion Body Shield

Let’s blur the boundary between fashion and art in this three-dimensional weaving workshop. Feel inspired to express yourself through a wearable artwork. Create a unique accessory for your body and connecting two features of your silhouette. This personally tailored ornament will be made using a free-weaving technique out of a light metal frame, allowing the multi-fibre textile piece to organically flow with the topology of your figure.

Sketchbook Studies & Painting   (10 yrs+)

Cult of the Pop Personality

Learn about the fascinating personalities behind famous pop artists, from Yayoi Kusama to Keith Harring to Hong Kong’s own Frog King. Learn about brand collaborations between artists and products. Design your own LOUD pop artist persona, upcycle a garment you own with your own designs, and create a painting to carve yourself a spot in the Pop Art scene.

Mentor Studio   (13 yrs+)

For art enthusiasts who are considering Art for GCSE, A-Levels, IGCSE or IB; or who simply enjoy being stretched artistically. Mentor Studio is open to any participants who want to strengthen their skill repertoire, build on their collection of portfolio-worthy artworks, or explore challenging themes through open-end self-enquiry guided closely by a mentor. Acquire in-depth knowledge and understanding of art-form, techniques and styles used as we guide you through various artistic decision and pathways to artistic achievement.

Architecture in Context   (13 yrs+)

Rendering technicalities with creativity, we explore architectural and interior spaces, with referenced imagery and floor plans of Hong Kong vibrant and historical landmarks to build a foundation of perspective, shape, space and form. Topics of investigation throughout the year range from Relocation, Restoration and Conversion, with rendition of a mix of architectural drawings, mood boards and illustrations; both conceptual and imaginative.

Colour My World Visual Arts E-Bulletin Jan-Feb 2023

Colour My World Visual Arts E-Bulletin Jan-Feb 2023

Mindfulness of being – Communication & Interaction

This year, we at Colour My World are heightening our awareness of existence, our role on this planet, our relationships with others and the environment.

For the first term of 2023, we focus on the subjects of ‘Communication & Interaction’. How do you interact with those around you? Maybe it’s through quality time over dim sum, a personal interaction focused on exchange of knowledge or ideas, or simply by creating a work of art for others to enjoy and feel inspired by.

 

To find out more about our Visual Arts Workshops, visit: 

https://colour-my-world.com/term-workshops-on/

ENROL NOW: Term starts from 3 Jan! Existing students do NOT need to re-enrol.

Explorer’s Art   (3 – 5 yrs)

Anyone For Dim Sum?

The Art Explorers will be creating their own dim sum house experience. Begin by recreating their favourite dim sum through mixed-media crafts. Then, channel their creativity into designing a restaurant menu using a dim-sum inspired colour palette. Drawing from photographic references, they will practice their observational art skills and re-interpret the image through informative illustration.

Core Art   (5 – 10 yrs)

Dream Dinner Party

Our Core Artists will begin the year by exploring ‘Communication & Interaction’. Begin with a mixed-media acrylic painting of their dream dinner party, portraying themselves, a dream guest, and the food they share. This portray will focus on visual and physical textures. Then, they will take on the role of a product designer and design their own avant-garde lantern inspired by the works of artist-designers Katie Stout and Polina Milou. They will explore the interaction between the user and the designer through playful shapes and colours.

 

NEW!  Drawing Fundamentals

(Drawing & Sketching for 6 – 8 yrs) 

Discover the elements of art and learn the basics of observational drawing. Create form using simple shapes as well as line to construct the illusion of 3D form. Learn observational skills in subjects from still life to anatomical studies in order to support imaginative drawings. Build an excellent foundation for your future in the visual arts.

Ready-Set-Draw   (8 yrs+)

Up Close

This term, you will rearrange your own facial features to create a distorted self-portrait to re-examine the way we process information and communicate. You will use dry media to draw a portrait inspired by the process of Jim Shaw’s ‘cut-up technique’, in which he reassembles the components of a narrative text to read in a non-linear order. Shaw applied the technique to mix and morph individual components of the faces in portraits. Learn about Shaw’s ‘Distorted Portraits’ series and create your own funky face.

NEW!  Comics

(Sequential Art, Graphic Novels for 8 yrs+) 

Ever wanted to take your very own story and turn it into a visual narrative? From crafting stories and scripts, to storyboard, plot and character design, to creating an original stylish comic spread, this course is a great introduction to an action-packed medium!

Sculpture Culture

(Pottery-Ceramics 8 yrs+)

Fundamentals Master Class

Learn to build three-dimensionally and excel in creation that takes form in art ware, figurines, sculpture, decorative and applied art objects. Acquire fundamental skills from pinching, coiling, slab to wheel-throwing, we shall experiment with new materials whilst utilising techniques of slip casting, clay modelling, and surface texturing.

NEW!  Pixelated

(Digital Arts 10 yrs+)

WATCH THIS SPACE for our fresh new offer of Digital Arts. We will be offering digital illustration, painting, and graphic design. Then bring your designs to life with the basics of motion graphics and animation. You are to bring your own devices and we shall show you how to use them for creative outcomes.

Tactile Textile   (10 yrs+)

Under the Skin

Render the surface of the human body in contact with one of the five elements (wood, fire, earth, water and metal) using subtractive appliqué. Focus on the contrast and combination of opaque and transparent textiles to create a beautiful artwork. Reinterpreting the time-honoured practice of appliqué, you will subtract (instead of adding on patches) to create a gradual ‘revelation’ of your design as the shapes will appear one by one by cutting through the fabric multiple layers.

Sketchbook Studies & Painting   (10 yrs+)

East Meets West

Learn about the role of communication and mutual influence in art history through the experiences of contemporaries Matisse and Sanyu. Discover how Sanyu had incorporated principles of Chinese painting aesthetics into oil painting. Analyse Henri Matisse’s work for possible influence from the East. Design your own oil painting of goldfish or flowers based on observation as you find inspiration from Chinese artistic sensibilities.

Mentor Studio   (13 yrs+)

For art enthusiasts who are considering Art for GCSE, A-Levels, IGCSE or IB; or who simply enjoy being stretched artistically. Mentor Studio is open to any participants who want to strengthen their skill repertoire, build on their collection of portfolio-worthy artworks, or explore challenging themes through open-end self-enquiry guided closely by a mentor. Acquire in-depth knowledge and understanding of art-form, techniques and styles used as we guide you through various artistic decision and pathways to artistic achievement.

Architecture in Context   (13 yrs+)

Rendering technicalities with creativity, we explore architectural and interior spaces, with referenced imagery and floor plans of Hong Kong vibrant and historical landmarks to build a foundation of perspective, shape, space and form. Topics of investigation throughout the year range from Relocation, Restoration and Conversion, with rendition of a mix of architectural drawings, mood boards and illustrations; both conceptual and imaginative.